Ramadan (the ninth month in the Muslim year) is the month of fasting. It is one of the most important months in the Islamic calendar because it was during Ramadan that the Qu'ran was first revealed to the Prophet Mohammad (PBUH). Also the first battle between the idol worshippers of Mecca and the Muslims of Medina took place during this month. The result of the battle was a devastating defeat for the invading army from Mecca, and a glorious victory for the Muslims of Medina. It is knows as the Battle of Badr.

Sightings the New Moon:

The Islamic calendar is lunar, which means that each new month begins with the appearance of the new moon. Therefore, Ramadan varies annually. In Islamic countries, everyone looks out for the moon. Once the new moon of Ramadan is sighted, Muslims prepare themselves for the special prayer and early-morning meal (Suhar). If the sky is cloudy and it is difficult, once the appearance of the moon is sighted and confirmed by at least two people, the news is announced to everyone. In the old days, the appearance was announced by firing a cannon. Although the probable beginning of the Ramadan is known in advance, the exact time cannot be determined until the new moon is first sighted.

Fasting:

It is compulsory for all Muslims over the age of 12 to fast during Ramadan. Fasting is the duty for every adult Muslim, but there are some exceptions. Elderly, sick, pregnant women, nursing mothers, travelers do not have to fast but they must fast at a convenient time later on. The fast begins at dawn and ends at sunset, throughout the month of Ramadan. During this time, eating, drinking, smoking and having sex are strictly forbidden.

During Ramadan, the meal called Suhar is recommended to be taken before dawn because it provides nourishment for the rest of the day. After Suhar, everyone prepares again for morning prayer, worshipping either in the mosque or at home. The fast ends at sunset, and the meal which is taken then to break the fast is called Iftar.

Reasons For Fasting:

Fasting during the daylight hours for the whole month of Ramadan, might seem difficult. But this is not so. By fasting, Muslims are able to practice self-discipline and prepare themselves for any suffering that they may have to face in the course of obeying God. It is a spiritual training and a way of submitting to God's will. Fasting is also a communal experience, and everyone is made aware of what is like to feel hunger.

Laila-tul-Qadr:

Lailatul Qadr means 'Night of Power' and it celebrates the night when the Qu'ran was first revealed to the Prophet Mohammad. It is believed that the 27th night of the month of Ramadan is the most likely date of the 'Night of Power', referred to in the Qu'ran.

~~LINKS~~
Essentials Of Ramadan
Blessed Month Of Ramadan